The Philippine crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis is one of the twenty three species of crocodilians (Crocodiles, Alligators and Gharials) in the World. It is a medium-sized freshwater crocodilian. The Philippine crocodile is endemic to the Philippine islands, which means it is not found anywhere else in the World. Its closest relative is the New Guinea Crocodile Crocodylus novaeguineae of which it was long thought to be a sub-species.

There are two species of crocodiles in the Philippines: in addition to the endemic Philippine crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis there is also the Saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus.

The Philippine crocodile is now very rare and its wild population is extremely limited both in distribution and population size. Probably the only localities with viable sub-populations are found in Ligawasan Marsh in Southwestern Mindanao, the foothills of the Northern Sierra Madre in northern Luzon and possibly in Abra Province in the Cordillera Mountains of Luzon.

Although much remains unknown about this rare species, the Mabuwaya foundation is studying the ecology of the Philippine crocodile in the wild since 2000.

Efforts are now excerted by several organisations to save the Philippine crocodile from extinction in the wild.